LENG102 FRESHMAN ENGLISH – Extensive supporting material
Unit 6 – Technical development
Vocabulary pp 52-53 – Describing improvements and redesigns
The definitions and sample sentences:
1.Improvement (n)
•English Definition: Making something better.
•Turkish Meaning: İyileştirme.
•Sample Sentence: The engineers worked on the improvement of the software.
•Turkish Translation: Mühendisler yazılımın iyileştirilmesi üzerinde çalıştılar.
2.Technical Improvement (n)
•English Definition: Making the technical aspects of a product or system better.
•Turkish Meaning: Teknik iyileştirme.
•Sample Sentence: Technical improvement in the engine design increased its efficiency.
•Turkish Translation: Motor tasarımındaki teknik iyileştirme, verimliliğini artırdı.
3.Redesign (n)
•English Definition: The process of changing a design.
•Turkish Meaning: Yeniden tasarım.
•Sample Sentence: The redesign of the bridge made it safer for everyone.
•Turkish Translation: Köprünün yeniden tasarımı, herkes için daha güvenli hale getirdi.
4.Redesign (v)
•English Definition: To change the design of something.
•Turkish Meaning: Yeniden tasarlamak.
•Sample Sentence: We need to redesign the product to reduce its cost.
•Turkish Translation: Maliyetini azaltmak için ürünü yeniden tasarlamamız gerekiyor.
5.Better-Quality Materials (n)
•English Definition: Materials of a higher standard or quality.
•Turkish Meaning: Daha kaliteli malzemeler.
•Sample Sentence: Using better-quality materials will increase the product's lifespan.
•Turkish Translation: Daha kaliteli malzemeler kullanmak, ürünün ömrünü uzatacaktır.
6.Lower Unit Cost (n)
•English Definition: The reduced cost of producing one unit of a product.
•Turkish Meaning: Daha düşük birim maliyeti.
•Sample Sentence: By optimizing the process, we achieved a lower unit cost.
•Turkish Translation: Süreci optimize ederek daha düşük birim maliyeti başardık.
7.Make Life Easier for User (phrase)
•English Definition: To simplify the user's experience with a product or service.
•Turkish Meaning: Kullanıcının işini kolaylaştırmak.
•Sample Sentence: The new software features make life easier for the user.
•Turkish Translation: Yeni yazılım özellikleri, kullanıcının işini kolaylaştırır.
8.Layout (n)
•English Definition: The way in which the parts of something are arranged.
•Turkish Meaning: Düzen.
•Sample Sentence: The layout of the circuit board was optimized for better performance.
•Turkish Translation: Devre kartının düzeni daha iyi performans için optimize edildi.
9.Existing (adj)
•English Definition: Currently or previously in existence.
•Turkish Meaning: Mevcut.
•Sample Sentence: The team improved the existing model to increase efficiency.
•Turkish Translation: Ekip, verimliliği artırmak için mevcut modeli geliştirdi.
10.Existing Design (n)
•English Definition: The current design of a product or system.
•Turkish Meaning: Mevcut tasarım.
•Sample Sentence: The existing design was modified to add new features.
•Turkish Translation: Yeni özellikler eklemek için mevcut tasarım değiştirildi.
11.Interface (n)
•English Definition: The point where two systems, subjects, or organizations meet and interact.
•Turkish Meaning: Arayüz.
•Sample Sentence: The user interface was redesigned for easier navigation.
•Turkish Translation: Kullanıcı arayüzü daha kolay gezinme için yeniden tasarlandı.
12.Reliability (n)
•English Definition: The quality of being reliable, dependable, or trustworthy.
•Turkish Meaning: Güvenilirlik.
•Sample Sentence: The reliability of the equipment is critical for the project's success.
•Turkish Translation: Ekipmanın güvenilirliği, projenin başarısı için kritiktir.
13.Consumables (n)
•English Definition: Items that are used up and need to be replaced regularly.
•Turkish Meaning: Sarf malzemeleri.
•Sample Sentence: We need to order more consumables for the printer.
•Turkish Translation: Yazıcı için daha fazla sarf malzemesi sipariş etmemiz gerekiyor.
14.Output (n)
•English Definition: The amount or thing produced by a system or process.
•Turkish Meaning: Çıktı.
•Sample Sentence: The output of the factory increased by 20% last year.
•Turkish Translation: Fabrikanın çıktısı geçen yıl %20 arttı.
15.Maintenance (n)
•English Definition: The work needed to keep a machine, building, or service in good condition.
•Turkish Meaning: Bakım.
•Sample Sentence: Regular maintenance is necessary to ensure the machine's reliability.
•Turkish Translation: Makinenin güvenilirliğini sağlamak için düzenli bakım gereklidir.
16.Shortcoming (n)
•English Definition: A fault or a failure to meet a certain standard.
•Turkish Meaning: Eksiklik.
•Sample Sentence: The main shortcoming of the design was its high energy consumption.
•Turkish Translation: Tasarımın ana eksikliği, yüksek enerji tüketimiydi.
17.Quantum Leap (n)
•English Definition: A significant and sudden advance or change.
•Turkish Meaning: Büyük sıçrama.
•Sample Sentence: The new technology represented a quantum leap in data processing.
•Turkish Translation: Yeni teknoloji, veri işlemede büyük bir sıçramayı temsil ediyordu.
18.Scrap (v)
•English Definition: To discard or remove from service.
•Turkish Meaning: Hurdaya çıkarmak.
•Sample Sentence: The old machinery was scrapped due to inefficiency.
•Turkish Translation: Eski makineler verimsiz oldukları için hurdaya çıkarıldı.
POSSIBLE AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT
1.Aesthetics (n)
•English Definition: The appearance or attractiveness of a product.
•Sample Sentence: Improving the aesthetics of the device can make it more appealing to customers.
•Turkish Meaning: Estetik.
•Turkish Translation: Cihazın estetiğini iyileştirmek, müşteriler için daha çekici hale getirebilir.
2.User Interface (n)
•English Definition: The part of a device or software that people use to interact with it.
•Sample Sentence: Enhancing the user interface can make the software easier to use.
•Turkish Meaning: Kullanıcı arayüzü.
•Turkish Translation: Kullanıcı arayüzünü geliştirmek, yazılımı kullanmayı daha kolay hale getirebilir.
3.Reliability (n)
•English Definition: The ability of a product or system to perform consistently and without failure.
•Sample Sentence: Increasing the reliability of our machines is essential for customer satisfaction.
•Turkish Meaning: Güvenilirlik.
•Turkish Translation: Makinelerimizin güvenilirliğini artırmak, müşteri memnuniyeti için önemlidir.
4.Consumables (n)
•English Definition: Items that are used in a product or process and need regular replacement.
•Sample Sentence: Reducing the cost of consumables can lower the overall operating expenses.
•Turkish Meaning: Sarf malzemeleri.
•Turkish Translation: Sarf malzemelerinin maliyetini azaltmak, genel işletme giderlerini düşürebilir.
5.Output Quality and Speed (n)
•English Definition: The standard of the product produced and the rate at which it is produced.
•Sample Sentence: Improving output quality and speed is vital for staying competitive.
•Turkish Meaning: Çıktı kalitesi ve hızı.
•Turkish Translation: Çıktı kalitesini ve hızını iyileştirmek, rekabetçi kalmak için hayati öneme sahiptir.
6.Maintenance (n)
•English Definition: The work needed to keep machines, buildings, or systems in good condition.
•Sample Sentence: Streamlining maintenance procedures can reduce downtime.
•Turkish Meaning: Bakım.
•Turkish Translation: Bakım prosedürlerini basitleştirmek, çalışamama süresini azaltabilir.
7.Manufacturing (n)
•English Definition: The process of making products, especially on a large scale.
•Sample Sentence: Improvements in manufacturing processes can lead to cost savings and higher quality products.
•Turkish Meaning: İmalat.
•Turkish Translation: İmalat süreçlerindeki iyileştirmeler, maliyet tasarrufları ve daha yüksek kaliteli ürünlere yol açabilir.
8.Environmental Impact (n)
•English Definition: The effect that the manufacturing and use of a product have on the environment.
•Sample Sentence: Reducing the environmental impact of our products is crucial for sustainable development.
•Turkish Meaning: Çevresel etki.
•Turkish Translation: Ürünlerimizin çevresel etkisini azaltmak, sürdürülebilir gelişim için hayati önem taşır.
PHRASES from page 53
1.reinvent the wheel
•English Definition: To waste time creating something that already exists.
•Sample Sentence: There's no need to reinvent the wheel; we can use the existing design as a starting point.
•Turkish Meaning: Zaten var olan bir şeyi tekrar oluşturmak.
•Turkish Translation: Yeniden tekerleği icat etmeye gerek yok; mevcut tasarımı başlangıç noktası olarak kullanabiliriz.
2.designing the whole thing from the ground up
•English Definition: To design something completely new, starting from the beginning.
•Sample Sentence: They are designing the whole system from the ground up to incorporate new technologies.
•Turkish Meaning: Her şeyi baştan tasarlamak.
•Turkish Translation: Yeni teknolojileri dahil etmek için tüm sistemi baştan tasarlıyorlar.
3.room for ımprovement
•English Definition: The possibility or potential to make something better.
•Sample Sentence: There is still room for improvement in the efficiency of the engine.
•Turkish Meaning: İyileştirme alanı.
•Turkish Translation: Motorun verimliliğinde hala iyileştirilecek alanlar var.
4.the Achilles heel
•English Definition: The weakest point of something where it is most vulnerable.
•Sample Sentence: The software's security flaw was its Achilles heel.
•Turkish Meaning: Ahil'in topuğu.
•Turkish Translation: Yazılımın güvenlik açığı, onun Ahil'in topuğuydu.
5.back to the drawing board
•English Definition: To start a task over because the last attempt failed.
•Sample Sentence: The prototype failed the test, so it’s back to the drawing board for our design team.
•Turkish Meaning: Başa dönmek.
•Turkish Translation: Prototip testi geçemedi, bu yüzden tasarım ekibimiz için başa dönmek gerekiyor.
6.make a quantum leap
•English Definition: To make a very significant or great advance in something.
•Sample Sentence: The new battery technology made a quantum leap in energy storage.
•Turkish Meaning: Büyük bir sıçrama yapmak.
•Turkish Translation: Yeni pil teknolojisi, enerji depolamada büyük bir sıçrama yaptı.
7.designing the system from scratch
•English Definition: To design a system completely from the beginning, without using any existing designs.
•Sample Sentence: We decided to design the system from scratch to meet all our specific requirements.
•Turkish Meaning: Sistemi sıfırdan tasarlamak.
•Turkish Translation: Tüm özel gereksinimlerimizi karşılamak için sistemi sıfırdan tasarlamaya karar verdik.
READING
Exercise 1: Read the the text below and answer the questions (B1 level):
The Evolution of the EcoTech 5000
In the rapidly advancing field of green technology, the EcoTech 5000 stands as a testament to the importance of continuous improvement and redesign. Initially launched five years ago, this innovative product has undergone several technical improvements to remain at the forefront of sustainable engineering solutions.
The journey of the EcoTech 5000 began with an ambitious goal: to create a product that would significantly reduce energy consumption while maintaining high performance. The original layout was groundbreaking, incorporating existing technologies with novel approaches to energy efficiency. However, as with any pioneering design, there was considerable room for improvement.
The first step in its evolution was to source better-quality materials that would enhance durability without compromising the product's environmental footprint. This change not only improved the product's lifespan but also lowered its unit cost, making it more accessible to a broader market. The team focused on making life easier for the user, which led to a redesign of the user interface, making it more intuitive and user-friendly.
Feedback from the initial release highlighted the existing design's shortcomings, particularly in the areas of reliability and consumables. The output quality was satisfactory, but there was demand for faster processing times without an increase in power consumption. Thus, the engineering team went back to the drawing board, embarking on a designing the whole thing from the ground up approach.
One significant technical improvement was the development of a new interface that allowed for seamless integration with other smart home devices, enhancing the user interface without sacrificing the product's core environmental values. The redesign addressed the Achilles' heel of the original model: its maintenance frequency. By utilizing better-quality materials and a more efficient design, the team was able to extend the intervals between maintenance checks, thereby reducing the overall environmental impact and making the product more sustainable.
The output quality and speed saw a dramatic increase, thanks to the redesign and the use of advanced materials. This quantum leap in performance did not go unnoticed by the market. The EcoTech 5000's reliability also improved, with fewer failures reported and a higher satisfaction rate among users.
In conclusion, the redesign of the EcoTech 5000 serves as a prime example of how engineering can drive improvements in both performance and sustainability. The process of designing the system from scratch proved to be a valuable lesson in not being afraid to scrap what doesn't work in favor of innovative solutions. The EcoTech 5000's evolution highlights the importance of listening to user feedback, leveraging technical improvements, and always looking for possible areas for improvement. Through this continuous process of assessment and enhancement, the product has set a new standard in the green technology sector, making life easier for its users while contributing to a healthier planet.
1.What was the primary goal in the development of the EcoTech 5000?
A) To increase the product's weight
B) To significantly reduce energy consumption while maintaining high performance
C) To make the product more expensive
D) To decrease the product's lifespan
2.What was a key focus in making the EcoTech 5000 more accessible to a broader market?
A) Reducing its environmental impact
B) Incorporating complex technologies
C) Increasing the product’s size
D) Lowering the unit cost
3.How did the team address the user interface in the redesign of the EcoTech 5000?
A) By making it less intuitive
B) By making it more user-friendly and intuitive
C) By ignoring user feedback
D) By limiting its compatibility with other devices
4.What was identified as the Achilles' heel of the original EcoTech 5000 model?
A) Its color scheme
B) Its high energy consumption
C) Its maintenance frequency
D) Its high price
5.Which approach did the engineering team take to address the shortcomings of the original design?
A) Designing the whole thing from the ground up
B) Making minor tweaks without significant changes
C) Ignoring user feedback
D) Reusing old materials without improvements
6.What was the result of utilizing better-quality materials in the EcoTech 5000 redesign?
A) Extended intervals between maintenance checks
B) Increased environmental impact
C) Decreased product durability
D) Lowered output quality and speed
7.What significant improvement was noted in the EcoTech 5000 after its redesign?
A) A decrease in reliability
B) A quantum leap in performance
C) Reduced user interface functionality
D) An increase in power consumption
8.What does the evolution of the EcoTech 5000 highlight about the engineering process?
A) The reluctance to consider user feedback
B)The importance of sticking to original designs without changes
C) The value of continuous assessment and enhancement for sustainability
D) The preference for aesthetics over functionality
ANSWERS and EXPLANATIONS
1.What was the primary goal in the development of the EcoTech 5000?
•Correct Answer: B) To significantly reduce energy consumption while maintaining high performance
•Explanation: The text states the initial goal was to create a product that reduces energy consumption while keeping performance high, highlighting the focus on sustainability and efficiency.
2.What was a key focus in making the EcoTech 5000 more accessible to a broader market?
•Correct Answer: D) Lowering the unit cost
•Explanation: By sourcing better-quality materials, the product's lifespan improved, and its lower unit cost was reduced, making it accessible to more people, as mentioned in the text.
3.How did the team address the user interface in the redesign of the EcoTech 5000?
•Correct Answer: B) By making it more user-friendly and intuitive
•Explanation: The text highlights the redesign of the user interface to make it more intuitive and user-friendly, emphasizing the importance of ease of use.
4.What was identified as the Achilles' heel of the original EcoTech 5000 model?
•Correct Answer: C) Its maintenance frequency
•Explanation: The original model's main shortcoming was its high maintenance frequency, which the redesign aimed to improve by extending the intervals between maintenance checks.
5.Which approach did the engineering team take to address the shortcomings of the original design?
•Correct Answer: A) Designing the whole thing from the ground up
•Explanation: The engineering team opted for a complete overhaul, "designing the whole thing from the ground up," to address the initial design's shortcomings effectively.
6.What was the result of utilizing better-quality materials in the EcoTech 5000 redesign?
•Correct Answer: A) Extended intervals between maintenance checks
•Explanation: The use of better-quality materials led to improved durability and less frequent need for maintenance, as highlighted in the text.
7.What significant improvement was noted in the EcoTech 5000 after its redesign?
•Correct Answer: B) A quantum leap in performance
•Explanation: The text mentions a "quantum leap in performance" following the redesign, indicating a significant improvement in how the product functions.
8.What does the evolution of the EcoTech 5000 highlight about the engineering process?
•Correct Answer: C) The value of continuous assessment and enhancement for sustainability
•Explanation: The continuous process of assessment, feedback integration, and enhancement, especially concerning sustainability, is emphasized as a key takeaway from the EcoTech 5000's evolution.
Exercise 2: Vocabulary exercise: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the list.
a.layout b.scrap c.interface d.reliability e.quantum leap f.maintenance
g.consumables h.shortcoming i.output j.existing
1.The __________ of the new application was carefully planned to ensure ease of navigation and optimal user engagement.
2.It's crucial to consider the __________ features before adding any new functionality to ensure compatibility.
3.A user-friendly __________ is essential for enhancing customer satisfaction and product usability.
4.The __________ of our machines is our top priority, ensuring they operate smoothly under various conditions.
5.Regularly replacing __________, such as ink cartridges and paper, is necessary for the printer's operation.
6.The __________ from the new solar panels was higher than any previous models we have tested.
7.To avoid unexpected breakdowns, routine __________ of the equipment is scheduled every six months.
8.One major __________ of the initial design was its excessive energy consumption during peak hours.
9.The introduction of the new processing chip represented a __________ in computing speed and efficiency.
10.After evaluating the prototype, the decision was made to __________ the parts that did not meet our quality standards.
Answers: 1. a 2. j 3. c 4. d 5. g 6. i 7. f 8. h 9. e 10. b
EXERCISE 3 → NEXT PAGE
Exercise 3: Match the terms on the left with their correct definitions on the right.
Terms:
1.reinvent the wheel
2.designing the whole thing from the ground up
3.room for ımprovement
4.the achilles heel
5.back to the drawing board
6.make a quantum leap
7.designing the system from scratch
Definitions:
A. To start a task over because the previous attempt was unsuccessful.
B. The possibility or potential to enhance or make something better.
C. To create something completely new, starting from the very beginning.
D. To waste time and effort creating something that already exists.
E. The weakest point in something, where it is most vulnerable.
F. To make a significant or major advancement in something.
G. To design a system entirely from the beginning, without relying on existing designs.
Answers: 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - B, 4 - E, 5 - A, 6 - F, 7 - G
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