LENG102 FRESHMAN ENGLISH – Extensive supporting material
Unit 7 – Procedures and precautions
Vocabulary pp 60-61 – Working with written instructions and notices
The definitions and sample sentences:
1.Sheet metal (n)
•Definition: A thin, flat piece of metal made by an industrial process. It is used in many different applications, including car bodies, airplane wings, medical tables, and machinery.
•Turkish: Sac metal
•Sample sentence: "The mechanic used a piece of sheet metal to repair the damaged car door."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Tamirci, hasar görmüş araba kapısını onarmak için bir parça sac metal kullandı."
2.Precision weighing device (n)
•Definition: A tool designed to measure weight very accurately. It's often used in laboratories and industries where exact weight measurements are critical.
•Turkish: Hassas tartı cihazı
•Sample sentence: "The chemist used a precision weighing device to measure the chemicals accurately."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Kimyager, kimyasalları doğru bir şekilde ölçmek için hassas bir tartı cihazı kullandı."
3.User-serviceable (adj)
•Definition: Describes parts of a machine or device that can be repaired or serviced by the user without professional help.
•Turkish: Kullanıcı tarafından bakımı yapılabilecek
•Sample sentence: "The manual indicates which parts of the computer are user-serviceable."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Kılavuz, bilgisayarın hangi parçalarının kullanıcı tarafından bakımının yapılabileceğini gösterir."
4.Invalidate (v)
•Definition: To make something no longer valid or acceptable, often used in legal, technical, or engineering contexts.
•Turkish: Geçersiz kılmak
•Sample sentence: "The engineer found a critical error that could invalidate the entire experiment."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Mühendis, tüm deneyi geçersiz kılabilecek kritik bir hata buldu."
5.Load-bearing (adj)
•Definition: Describes a structure or component that supports weight and holds up other parts of a construction.
•Turkish: Yük taşıyan
•Sample sentence: "The load-bearing walls are essential for the building's stability."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Yük taşıyan duvarlar, binanın istikrarı için hayati öneme sahiptir."
6.Control lever (n)
•Definition: A handle or bar used to control a machine or mechanism.
•Turkish: Kontrol kolu
•Sample sentence: "He pulled the control lever to start the engine."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Motoru başlatmak için kontrol kolunu çekti."
7.Off-cuts (n)
•Definition: Pieces of material, such as wood or metal, that are left over after the main part has been cut or shaped.
•Turkish: Artık parçalar
•Sample sentence: "We can use the off-cuts for smaller projects instead of wasting them."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Onları israf etmek yerine artık parçaları daha küçük projeler için kullanabiliriz."
8.Air inlet (n)
•Definition: An opening or duct through which air enters a machine or system, especially for cooling or ventilation purposes.
•Turkish: Hava girişi
•Sample sentence: "The air inlet must be clear of obstructions to ensure proper ventilation."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Düzgün havalandırma sağlamak için hava girişinin tıkanıklıklardan arınmış olması gerekir."
9.Inlet grille (n)
•Definition: A protective grid or cover over an air inlet that prevents debris from entering while allowing air to flow through.
•Turkish: Giriş ızgarası
•Sample sentence: "The inlet grille needs cleaning to remove the accumulated dust."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Biriken tozu temizlemek için giriş ızgarasının temizlenmesi gerekiyor."
10.Obstruction (n)
•Definition: Something that blocks or gets in the way, preventing movement or the normal functioning of a process or system.
•Turkish: Tıkanıklık
•Sample sentence: "The technician removed the obstruction from the pipe to restore water flow."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Tekniker, su akışını yeniden sağlamak için borudaki tıkanıklığı çıkardı."
11.Blower (n)
•Definition: A machine or device that moves air or gas by forcing it forward, used for cooling, ventilation, or moving particles.
•Turkish: Üfleyici
•Sample sentence: "The blower helps distribute heat throughout the building during winter."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Üfleyici, kış boyunca binanın her yerine ısı dağıtılmasına yardımcı olur."
12.Precision-engineered (adj)
•Definition: Describes products or components designed and manufactured with very high accuracy and quality.
•Turkish: Hassas mühendislikle üretilmiş
•Sample sentence: "Precision-engineered parts are crucial for the aerospace industry."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Hassas mühendislikle üretilmiş parçalar, havacılık endüstrisi için hayati önem taşır."
13.Revolve (v)
•Definition: To move in a circle around a central point or axis.
•Turkish: Dönmek
•Sample sentence: "The gears revolve smoothly to transfer the engine's power."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Dişliler, motorun gücünü aktarmak için sorunsuz bir şekilde döner."
14.Susceptible (adj)
•Definition: Likely to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
•Turkish: Hassas, duyarlı
•Sample sentence: "Electronic components are susceptible to damage from static electricity."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Elektronik bileşenler, statik elektrikten zarar görmeye duyarlıdır."
15.Vent (n)
•Definition: An opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass out of or into a confined space.
•Turkish: Havalandırma deliği
•Sample sentence: "The vent in the room allows for fresh air to circulate."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Odadaki havalandırma deliği, taze havanın dolaşımına izin verir."
16.External vent (n)
•Definition: A vent located on the outside of a building or structure, allowing for air exchange with the exterior environment.
•Turkish: Dış havalandırma deliği
•Sample sentence: "The external vent needs to be clear to prevent moisture buildup inside."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "İçeride nem birikimini önlemek için dış havalandırma deliğinin açık olması gerekiyor."
17. Air-intake duct (n)
•Definition: A passage or tube designed to direct incoming air to a specific part of a machine, such as an engine.
•Turkish: Hava alım kanalı
•Sample sentence: "The air-intake duct ensures that the engine receives enough air for combustion."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Hava alım kanalı, motorun yanma için yeterli havayı almasını sağlar."
18.Spring (n)
•Definition: An elastic device, typically made of metal, that can be pressed or pulled but returns to its original shape when released.
•Turkish: Yay
•Sample sentence: "The spring absorbs the shock when the car goes over a bump."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Araba bir tümseğin üzerinden geçtiğinde, yay şoku emer."
19.Spring mechanism (n)
•Definition: A system that uses one or more springs to function, often found in machines, tools, or devices to provide force or absorb shock.
•Turkish: Yay mekanizması
•Sample sentence: "The clock uses a spring mechanism to keep time accurately."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Saat, zamanı doğru bir şekilde tutmak için bir yay mekanizması kullanır."
20.Strain (v)
•Definition: To apply pressure or force to something, often causing it to stretch or deform.
•Turkish: Zorlamak, gerilmek
•Sample sentence: "The bridge will strain under the weight of heavy traffic."
•Turkish translation of the sentence: "Köprü, ağır trafik yükünün altında gerilecek."
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with the best options.
1. The bridge is built on strong ________ structures that can hold the weight of cars and trucks.
(a) sheet metal (b) load-bearing (c) control lever
2. We need a ________ to measure the exact amount of gold for the jewelry.
(a) sheet metal (b) precision weighing device (c) user-serviceable
3. The ________ on the vacuum cleaner broke, but luckily it's ________ so we can fix it ourselves.
(a) control lever, user-serviceable (b) spring mechanism, load-bearing (c) off-cuts, precision-engineered
4. A missing screw could ________ the entire assembly process.
(a) obstruct (b) revolve (c) invalidate
5. The ________ of the engine is blocked by leaves, which is causing the car to overheat.
(a) inlet (b) blower (c) control lever
6. The thin metal plates used to create the car's body are called ________.
(a) air-intake duct (b) off-cuts (c) sheet metal
7. The metal ________ from the project can be recycled for future use.
(a) spring (b) off-cuts c) external vent
8. The ________ on the air conditioner prevents dust from entering the system.
(a) inlet grille (b) blower (c) spring mechanism
9. The Earth ________ around the Sun once a year.
(a) suspends (b) obstructs (c) revolves
10. This type of paint is very ________ to scratches and fading.
(a) susceptible (b) precision-engineered (c) user-serviceable
Answer key:
1. The bridge is built on strong (b) load-bearing structures that can hold the weight of cars and trucks.
2. We need a (b) precision weighing device to measure the exact amount of gold for the jewelry.
3. The (a) control lever on the vacuum cleaner broke, but luckily it's (a) user-serviceable so we can fix it ourselves.
4. A missing screw could (c) invalidate the entire assembly process.
5. The (a) inlet of the engine is blocked by leaves, which is causing the car to overheat.
6. The thin metal plates used to create the car's body are called (c) sheet metal.
7. The metal (b) off-cuts from the project can be recycled for future use.
8. The (a) inlet grille on the air conditioner prevents dust from entering the system.
9. The Earth (c) revolves around the Sun once a year.
10. This type of paint is very (a) susceptible to scratches and fading.
READING
Exercise 2: Read the text below and mark the statements as True or False (B1 level)
In a modern engineering workshop, a technician works diligently with various tools and components. He starts by selecting a piece of sheet metal, cutting it precisely to size for his project. Using a precision weighing device, he ensures that each part of his design has the exact weight required for balance and functionality. He checks the user-serviceable parts of his machinery to ensure everything is in order, occasionally having to invalidate parts that no longer meet the project's strict standards. The structure he's working on includes several load-bearing elements, ensuring stability and strength.
He adjusts the control lever to test the motion of the assembly, carefully placing off-cuts to the side for recycling. He examines the air inlet to ensure it's clear of any obstruction, occasionally cleaning the inlet grille to maintain optimal airflow. A powerful blower circulates air through the system, its components precision-engineered to work flawlessly together. The parts revolve smoothly, demonstrating their quality and the care taken in their selection and installation.
He is always cautious, knowing how susceptible the electronic components are to damage from static electricity. To prevent overheating, he installs a vent and an external vent, ensuring fresh air circulates through the system. An air-intake duct feeds the engine, crucial for its operation. The device incorporates a spring and a spring mechanism to absorb shocks and maintain tension, crucial for its functionality. Despite the strain this project places on him, the technician takes pride in his work, knowing that his dedication and attention to detail will result in a high-quality, reliable engineering solution.
1.The technician uses a precision weighing device to ensure each part of the design has the exact weight needed.
2.The technician uses off-cuts as the main material for the load-bearing elements.
3.The project includes several load-bearing elements to ensure stability and strength.
4.The control lever is used to stop the motion of the assembly instead of testing it.
5.An air inlet is examined to ensure it's clear of any obstructions.
6.The air inlet grille is permanently sealed to prevent air from entering the system.
7.A blower circulates air through the system, with its components being precision-engineered to work together smoothly.
8.The device incorporates a spring mechanism to absorb shocks and maintain tension.
9.Electronic components are resistant and not susceptible to damage from static electricity.
10.The external vent restricts air from circulating through the system, causing overheating.
Answers and explanations:
1.True. The text mentions that the technician uses a precision weighing device to make sure every part of his design meets the required weight, highlighting the importance of accuracy in engineering projects.
2.False. Off-cuts are mentioned as being set aside for recycling, not as the main material for load-bearing elements. This highlights the practice of material efficiency and recycling in engineering workshops.
3.True. The inclusion of load-bearing elements in the project is mentioned as essential for providing stability and strength to the structure, demonstrating basic engineering principles.
4.False. The control lever is used to test the motion of the assembly, not to stop it. This demonstrates the use of controls in testing and adjusting machinery for proper operation.
5.True. The technician's examination of the air inlet to ensure it's free from obstructions shows the importance of maintaining clear airflow for optimal operation of machinery.
6.False. The air inlet grille needs to be cleaned for maintaining airflow, not sealed. This underlines the importance of regular maintenance to ensure systems work efficiently.
7.True. The mention of a blower circulating air and the components being precision-engineered to work flawlessly together emphasizes the care taken in selecting and installing parts for efficient system function.
8.True. The device's incorporation of a spring mechanism for shock absorption and tension maintenance is highlighted, showing how mechanical elements are used to enhance the durability and functionality of engineering designs.
9.False. Electronic components being susceptible to static electricity damage is stated, emphasizing the need for careful handling to prevent damage and ensure the longevity of electronic systems.
10.False. The external vent is installed to ensure fresh air circulates, preventing overheating, not to restrict air flow. This clarifies the role of ventilation systems in maintaining optimal operating temperatures and preventing damage.
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